1. Why is Ch. 20 called "The HeLa Bomb?"
2. How did Michael Rogers Rolling Stone article impact the Lacks family?
3. What is the apparent relationship between HPV and Henrietta's cells?
Emma Lasky 1. Chapter 20 is called The HeLa Bomb because of how the HeLa cells were able to spread widely throughout many other petri dishes. Stanley Gartler discovered that each of the commonly used cell cultures, that were for cancer research, had one rare genetic marker in common called G6PD-A which was only found in some African American people. Because of this, it turned out that all these cancer drugs that were being created were actually only for a specific type of human with a specific genetic makeup. The petri dishes being used all had a generic type of genetic sequence in them, but the HeLa cells could float through air and travel on scientists lab coats. Because of their ability to easily travel, they were able to contaminate many experiments going on in the same lab as them.
2. His Rolling Stone article impacted the Lacks family because the family was unaware of the HeLa contamination problem until he showed up. They also weren’t aware that the cells were immortal and this led them to believe that, even though he said otherwise, they may be immortal or that they could get cancer. Not only were they informed of this information, but they soon discovered that it was quite interesting and they began to become very interested in what Henrietta’s cells had done for science. Not only did they become interested, but they became angered with the idea that Guy and Hopkins had made millions off of their stolen mother’s cells.
3. The relationship between HPV and Henrietta’s cells is shown by the fact that Henrietta’s cells were infected with the virus. Not only did she have the virus, but she had the most virulent strain of it. By using her HPV infected cells, scientists were able to study the HPV infection and how it causes cancer. Because of this discovery, the scientists found that when they blocked the HPV DNA, the cervical cancer became benign.
1. Chapter 20 is called the HeLa bomb because it talks about how in 1966 geneticist Stanley Gartler he spoke in front of a large group of scientists who had all been conducting research using cells and genetics and said that HeLa cells had contaminated many of the cells scientists were tesing. This meant that the important research that many of the scientists thought they had been conducting on specific cells were all contaminated with HeLa cells, meaning their research had been contaminated according to Gartler. This caused many scientists to work to develop a HeLa test which would make it possible to test if cells are contaminated with HeLa cells before they conduct research using them.
2. It impacted the Lacks family because before they met Michael Rogers they had not been given very much information about Henrietta’s cells and for the most part were not upset about the use of the cells. The Lacks family felt that as long as the cells were helping people it was good. But after reading Rogers article and learning that people could buy a vial of HeLa cells for $25 their suspicions were confirmed; they had been convinced George Gey and the hospital had made millions off of the HeLa cells. While in fact there is no record of George Gey or Hopkins accepting money in exchange for HeLa cells. There were many companies that were making a profit off of Henrietta’s cells but the Lacks family only knew that George Get and the Hopkins hospital were involved with Henrietta’s cells and the lacks family wanted some form of compensation.
3. In 1984 Harold zur Hausen discovered that HPV caused cervical cancer, and that HeLa cells tested positive for the HPV-18 strain. Scientists discovered that HPV is what caused Henrietta’s cancer. This told scientists that HPV can cause cervical cancer so developing a vaccine for HPV can help prevent cervical cancer. Harold zur Hausen went on to win a Nobel Prize for his discoveries which led to the development of an HPV vaccine.
1) The chapter is called "The HeLa Bomb" because it discusses how Stanley Gartler proposed that HeLa cells had contaminated many normal cell cultures, which really shouldn't have come as a surprise given the fact that HeLa cells multiply at a high rate and can survive in a range of environments, much like an invasive species.
2) While the initial reaction of the Lack's family was positive, they then read the article and discovered how lucrative selling HeLa cells had become and they wanted compensation. But their main gripe was with George Gey and Hopkins, who in actuality didn't profit off the cells.
3) HeLa cells helped determine that HPV could lead to cervical cancer. After this, there was a large push to develop a vaccine, and now that the vaccine has been developed, there is now a push to mandate the vaccine to ensure herd immunity in our population and eliminate HPV to curb cervical cancer.
1. Chapter 20 is called HeLa Bomb because a scientist by the name of Stanley Gartler who made a presentation to a bunch of cell biologists and told them that HeLa cells contaminated the other cells that they were trying to test. It turns out that the marker he was using (G6PD-A) was a genetic marker that was only found in some African Americans. This meant that the cancer treatments that were being made were only going to help a certain race. They also found that the HeLa cells are air borne so they can contaminate anything that is in the same room as them.
2. The article greatly affected the family because they didn't know very much about Henrietta's cells and what they were. After the article was published they found out what they were and how they were being used in Science today. They soon put the pieces of the puzzle together and found out that her cells were being used to make money.
3. Essientally what happened is that Henrietta's cells had HPV which allowed scientists to look at her cells and see how HPV causes cancer. And because she had the most deadly or virulent strain, it made the scientists job a lot easier to research the cells.
1. Chapter 20 is called HeLa Bomb because it was the breaking point at which Stanley Garter released information about the cells to the public. He explained that the cells could be cultured and that one had a specific marker that was dominant in African Americans. 2. The Article impacted the lacks family, because it allowed them to see the light about the use of Henrietta's cells. They soon realized that her cells were of great scientific use and could produce money for the family. 3. The HeLa cells allowed scientists to realize that HPV led to cervical cancers in Henrietta's case. This urged scientists to create a vaccine so that the population could be protected.
Why is Ch. 20 called "The HeLa Bomb?" - Chapter 20 is called the HeLa bomb because Gartler told many scientists that HeLa cells are extremely contagious, and that most of the different cells they are working on were most likely contaminated by HeLa cells . Meaning a lot of their research was or could be ruined. They called this chapter the HeLa bomb because people learned how contagious HeLa cells were, and that they were spreading everywhere. 2. How did Michael Rogers Rolling Stone article impact the Lacks family? - The rolling stones impacted the Lacks family because that’s when the family truly understood how much money they could of made off of their moms cells. Also they realized why the cells were so important to science. They were interested but also scared because of how contagious the cells were. 3. What is the apparent relationship between HPV and Henrietta's cells? - Henrietta was diagnosed with HPV which soon caused Cervical cancer. Because of Henrietta scientists were able to stop the process by coming up with a vaccine for HPV, saving a lot of patients from getting cervical cancer
It is called the HeLa bomb because of the effect of HeLa cells' invasiveness. Because scientists and researchers had been sloppily dealing with HeLa cells in non-sterile and uncontrolled environments, their work and research was made almost worthless. After many years and millions of dollars, the researchers were in disbelief.
The Rolling Stone article exposed Henrietta’s family to the widespread impact that HeLa had on the scientific community. They discovered that the Dr. Gey was able to make money from selling the cells and claimed ownership of the cells that scientists had been using all over the world. Before, the Lacks family had just been resentful of the unfairness and manipulation from Hopkins hospital. However, the process of writing this article elevated their interest in what Henrietta’s cells were actually doing for the scientific community.
A German scientist discovered that the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) was a main cause in some forms of cancer including the cervical cancer that Henrietta had. With the assistance of HeLa cells, scientists were able to conduct research about how HPV caused infection. They discovered that the virus put in a piece of DNA that turned off Henrietta’s tumor suppressor gene. By blocking the DNA from HPV, the German scientist developed an HPV vaccine and won a Nobel Prize in Medicine.
Ch.20 is called the HeLa bomb because in this chapter Stanley Gartler talks to scientists about his realization that these HeLa cells were actually contaminating the cells that they were testing. This resulted in scientists creating a HeLa test to check for contamination.
Michael Roger's Rolling Stone article impacted the Lacks family both positively and negatively. Prior to the article, they did not know much about Henrietta's cells, and did not know how much they could help people.They began to express an interest and curiosity about her cells, as they were finding out new information. However, after the article, they realized how much money was being made off of her cells and how they were not being compensated for them.
the apparent relationship between HPV and Henrietta's cells: - Harold zur Hausen discovered that HPV leads to Cervical Cancer with the help of Henrietta's cells because her cells had HPV. - HPV is what caused Henrietta's cancer -
Emma Lasky
ReplyDelete1.
Chapter 20 is called The HeLa Bomb because of how the HeLa cells were able to spread widely throughout many other petri dishes. Stanley Gartler discovered that each of the commonly used cell cultures, that were for cancer research, had one rare genetic marker in common called G6PD-A which was only found in some African American people. Because of this, it turned out that all these cancer drugs that were being created were actually only for a specific type of human with a specific genetic makeup. The petri dishes being used all had a generic type of genetic sequence in them, but the HeLa cells could float through air and travel on scientists lab coats. Because of their ability to easily travel, they were able to contaminate many experiments going on in the same lab as them.
2.
His Rolling Stone article impacted the Lacks family because the family was unaware of the HeLa contamination problem until he showed up. They also weren’t aware that the cells were immortal and this led them to believe that, even though he said otherwise, they may be immortal or that they could get cancer. Not only were they informed of this information, but they soon discovered that it was quite interesting and they began to become very interested in what Henrietta’s cells had done for science. Not only did they become interested, but they became angered with the idea that Guy and Hopkins had made millions off of their stolen mother’s cells.
3.
The relationship between HPV and Henrietta’s cells is shown by the fact that Henrietta’s cells were infected with the virus. Not only did she have the virus, but she had the most virulent strain of it. By using her HPV infected cells, scientists were able to study the HPV infection and how it causes cancer. Because of this discovery, the scientists found that when they blocked the HPV DNA, the cervical cancer became benign.
1. Chapter 20 is called the HeLa bomb because it talks about how in 1966 geneticist Stanley Gartler he spoke in front of a large group of scientists who had all been conducting research using cells and genetics and said that HeLa cells had contaminated many of the cells scientists were tesing. This meant that the important research that many of the scientists thought they had been conducting on specific cells were all contaminated with HeLa cells, meaning their research had been contaminated according to Gartler. This caused many scientists to work to develop a HeLa test which would make it possible to test if cells are contaminated with HeLa cells before they conduct research using them.
ReplyDelete2. It impacted the Lacks family because before they met Michael Rogers they had not been given very much information about Henrietta’s cells and for the most part were not upset about the use of the cells. The Lacks family felt that as long as the cells were helping people it was good. But after reading Rogers article and learning that people could buy a vial of HeLa cells for $25 their suspicions were confirmed; they had been convinced George Gey and the hospital had made millions off of the HeLa cells. While in fact there is no record of George Gey or Hopkins accepting money in exchange for HeLa cells. There were many companies that were making a profit off of Henrietta’s cells but the Lacks family only knew that George Get and the Hopkins hospital were involved with Henrietta’s cells and the lacks family wanted some form of compensation.
3. In 1984 Harold zur Hausen discovered that HPV caused cervical cancer, and that HeLa cells tested positive for the HPV-18 strain. Scientists discovered that HPV is what caused Henrietta’s cancer. This told scientists that HPV can cause cervical cancer so developing a vaccine for HPV can help prevent cervical cancer. Harold zur Hausen went on to win a Nobel Prize for his discoveries which led to the development of an HPV vaccine.
1) The chapter is called "The HeLa Bomb" because it discusses how Stanley Gartler proposed that HeLa cells had contaminated many normal cell cultures, which really shouldn't have come as a surprise given the fact that HeLa cells multiply at a high rate and can survive in a range of environments, much like an invasive species.
ReplyDelete2) While the initial reaction of the Lack's family was positive, they then read the article and discovered how lucrative selling HeLa cells had become and they wanted compensation. But their main gripe was with George Gey and Hopkins, who in actuality didn't profit off the cells.
3) HeLa cells helped determine that HPV could lead to cervical cancer. After this, there was a large push to develop a vaccine, and now that the vaccine has been developed, there is now a push to mandate the vaccine to ensure herd immunity in our population and eliminate HPV to curb cervical cancer.
Andrew Kaminsky
ReplyDelete1. Chapter 20 is called HeLa Bomb because a scientist by the name of Stanley Gartler who made a presentation to a bunch of cell biologists and told them that HeLa cells contaminated the other cells that they were trying to test. It turns out that the marker he was using (G6PD-A) was a genetic marker that was only found in some African Americans. This meant that the cancer treatments that were being made were only going to help a certain race. They also found that the HeLa cells are air borne so they can contaminate anything that is in the same room as them.
2. The article greatly affected the family because they didn't know very much about Henrietta's cells and what they were. After the article was published they found out what they were and how they were being used in Science today. They soon put the pieces of the puzzle together and found out that her cells were being used to make money.
3. Essientally what happened is that Henrietta's cells had HPV which allowed scientists to look at her cells and see how HPV causes cancer. And because she had the most deadly or virulent strain, it made the scientists job a lot easier to research the cells.
1. Chapter 20 is called HeLa Bomb because it was the breaking point at which Stanley Garter released information about the cells to the public. He explained that the cells could be cultured and that one had a specific marker that was dominant in African Americans.
ReplyDelete2. The Article impacted the lacks family, because it allowed them to see the light about the use of Henrietta's cells. They soon realized that her cells were of great scientific use and could produce money for the family.
3. The HeLa cells allowed scientists to realize that HPV led to cervical cancers in Henrietta's case. This urged scientists to create a vaccine so that the population could be protected.
from kai
ReplyDeleteWhy is Ch. 20 called "The HeLa Bomb?"
- Chapter 20 is called the HeLa bomb because Gartler told many scientists that HeLa cells are extremely contagious, and that most of the different cells they are working on were most likely contaminated by HeLa cells . Meaning a lot of their research was or could be ruined. They called this chapter the HeLa bomb because people learned how contagious HeLa cells were, and that they were spreading everywhere.
2. How did Michael Rogers Rolling Stone article impact the Lacks family?
- The rolling stones impacted the Lacks family because that’s when the family truly understood how much money they could of made off of their moms cells. Also they realized why the cells were so important to science. They were interested but also scared because of how contagious the cells were.
3. What is the apparent relationship between HPV and Henrietta's cells?
- Henrietta was diagnosed with HPV which soon caused Cervical cancer. Because of Henrietta scientists were able to stop the process by coming up with a vaccine for HPV, saving a lot of patients from getting cervical cancer
It is called the HeLa bomb because of the effect of HeLa cells' invasiveness. Because scientists and researchers had been sloppily dealing with HeLa cells in non-sterile and uncontrolled environments, their work and research was made almost worthless. After many years and millions of dollars, the researchers were in disbelief.
ReplyDeleteThe Rolling Stone article exposed Henrietta’s family to the widespread impact that HeLa had on the scientific community. They discovered that the Dr. Gey was able to make money from selling the cells and claimed ownership of the cells that scientists had been using all over the world. Before, the Lacks family had just been resentful of the unfairness and manipulation from Hopkins hospital. However, the process of writing this article elevated their interest in what Henrietta’s cells were actually doing for the scientific community.
A German scientist discovered that the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) was a main cause in some forms of cancer including the cervical cancer that Henrietta had. With the assistance of HeLa cells, scientists were able to conduct research about how HPV caused infection. They discovered that the virus put in a piece of DNA that turned off Henrietta’s tumor suppressor gene. By blocking the DNA from HPV, the German scientist developed an HPV vaccine and won a Nobel Prize in Medicine.
Ch.20 is called the HeLa bomb because in this chapter Stanley Gartler talks to scientists about his realization that these HeLa cells were actually contaminating the cells that they were testing.
ReplyDeleteThis resulted in scientists creating a HeLa test to check for contamination.
Michael Roger's Rolling Stone article impacted the Lacks family both positively and negatively. Prior to the article, they did not know much about Henrietta's cells, and did not know how much they could help people.They began to express an interest and curiosity about her cells, as they were finding out new information. However, after the article, they realized how much money was being made off of her cells and how they were not being compensated for them.
the apparent relationship between HPV and Henrietta's cells:
- Harold zur Hausen discovered that HPV leads to Cervical Cancer with the help of Henrietta's cells because her cells had HPV.
- HPV is what caused Henrietta's cancer
-